中文网络近几年流行一个所谓“世界五大学习法”的说法,指的是:
1. 费曼学习法 Feynman Technique
* 选一个概念 → 用白纸写下标题
* 假装教会10岁小孩
* 讲不清的地方 → 立刻回去查漏补缺
* 不断简化、打磨,直到能10岁小孩听懂
A method to deeply understand any concept by explaining it in simple terms, as if teaching it to a child.
深入了解 https://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/
2. 西蒙学习法 Simon Learning Method
* 选定一个唯一的目标
* 把大目标拆成小块
* 每天高强度投入(每周至少40小时)
* 持续6个月(≈ 1000小时)
A
focused, high-intensity approach claiming that with dedication, one can
achieve mastery in any field within about 6 months (≈1000 hours).
深入了解 https://www.cmu.edu/simon/
3. SQ3R阅读法
* Survey:先快速翻书,看目录、标题、图表、总结
* Question:把小标题变成问题
* Read:带着问题精读
* Recite:合上书,复述/默写重点
* Review:间隔复习(当天、隔天、1周、1月)
A structured reading strategy that improves comprehension through five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review.
深入了解 https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.224377
4. 番茄工作法 Pomodoro Technique
* 设定25分钟专注(远离手机、戴上耳机)
* 25分钟到,铃响 → 休息5分钟
* 每4个番茄 → 长休15-30分钟
* 一天目标8-12个番茄
A
time management method that uses 25-minute focused work intervals
(called “pomodoros”) separated by short breaks to boost productivity and
concentration.
深入了解 https://www.pomodorotechnique.com/
5. 康奈尔笔记法 Cornell Note-Taking System
* 右边大块(占60%):上课/读书时详细记录
* 左边窄栏(占20%):课后/复习时写关键词、问题
* 底部(占20%):一句话总结整页核心
* 把A4纸分成三部分:
* 复习时只看左栏和底部,就能快速回忆
A
systematic note-taking format that divides the page into sections for
notes, cues/questions, and summary to facilitate organization, review,
and self-testing.
深入了解 https://lsc.cornell.edu/how-to-study/taking-notes/cornell-note-taking-system
这些都是提高学习效率的好方法,但把这五个方法体系放在一起称“世界五大学习法”是网上好事者杜撰的,没有这种排名说法。不过了解、学习、尝试一下这些方法挺好玩的。


