第1980期:你压力大吗?Eustress vs Distress
郭:你压(丫),力大吗?
于:……您最好连起来说,这儿别大喘气。
每个人都有压力,或者就有压力,哪怕什么都不做都有。
压力的英文是 stress,分两种:
让你感到忧伤、疲惫、受罪的压力叫 distress.
还有一种正向的stress,让你感到开心的“压力”英文叫 eustress.
Eustress是匈牙利裔加拿大内分泌学家Hans Selye1940年代提出的概念,他根据英语构词法造了这个词。
*Hans Selye, Hungarian-Canadian endocrinologist(内分泌学家),17次被提名诺贝尔生理学或医学奖(the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)但并未获奖,被称为“Father of stress research”。
“Eu” 是希腊语前缀,意思是“好”,eustress 的意思就是“好压力” good stress,一般译作良性压力或正向压力。
所谓正向压力,就是你满怀希望做一件事时的那种激动,好像动力满满不知疲倦。如果你体会过那种为了做成一件事全身心投入废寝忘食不眠不休的心流(flow),那就是 eustress.
Eustress is a type of stress, where the demands of a situation cause physiological and cognitive changes that are positive, and allow for optimal levels of performance.
如果仅从构词法而言,distress这个词挺不讲理的。怎么呢?因为dis-这个拉丁语前缀的意思是“not, apart, away, remove”,表示词根的反义,那么dis+stress不应该表示“去压力”吗?但distress的意思是 extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain.
俗话说“压力变动力”,说的其实就是把stress转化成eustress.
压力无处不在,躲不开的。关键是怎么应对,把尽量多的stress引导、转化成eustress,这是正解。
“It is not stress that kills us, it is our reaction to it.” – Hans Selye
小结今天的内容
Eustress: positive, good stress that comes from situations that are enjoyable. (e.g., winning a game)
Distress: negative, bad stress that can be harmful to the body. (e.g., doing poorly on a test)
Reference
https://pennstatelearning.psu.edu/istudy_tutorials/stressmanagement/stressmanagement6.html