第1023期:突然发现我不会用英语说痛风,只好说 I stepped on shit
上周某天早上,我突然痛风发作了。注意是“痛”,不是“中”。
左脚剧痛无法行走,症状持续了一天一夜后才消退。
次日跟国外同事开会时说起此事,我竟一时语塞,发现自己不会用英语说“痛风”,只好笼统地说 My foot hurt.
外国同事关切地问:What happened to your foot? Did you twist your ankle(崴了脚吗)?
我说不是。但实在不知道怎么说,最后只好玩笑道 I stepped on shit.
今天这篇小文,想专门聊聊痛风,整理一些与痛风有关的英语和常识。所以大概今天的内容会比较适合各种疾病开始慢慢上身的中年读者。年轻读者请见谅。
痛风的英文是 gout /ɡaʊt/,这个发音好记。告它?我上哪儿告它去啊我?
我那天就该忍着剧痛大喊一声“搞~他~M什么鬼这么痛?!”
大多数痛风的主要诱因是大量饮用啤酒、体重超标、多食肉类。所以在古代埃及痛风又被叫作国王病、富贵病。饭都吃不饱的穷人没资格痛风。
中国美食里有两个最佳痛风诱发组合:(1)火锅+啤酒;(2)海鲜+啤酒。
不信你去问问青岛人。
如果你喜欢吃海鲜火锅+啤酒,希望你能马上醒悟并停止。
痛风的医学本质是一种关节炎(arthritis),又称代谢性关节炎。
Gout is caused by a condition known as hyperuricemia(高尿酸血症), where there is too much uric acid in the body.
*Uric acid就是尿酸。
引起尿酸超高的都是嘌呤高的食物。
嘌呤这个词听起来挺文艺的,谁能想到它这么恶心?谁音译的这个词?—— purine…
下面的内容会比较无聊,没有痛风症状的读者可以不用往下看了。
Foods to Avoid if You Have Gout
Skip foods and drinks that are high in purines to help lower your chances of an attack.
You should stay away from these types of food:
- Beer and grain liquors (like vodka and whiskey) 啤酒和烈酒
- Red meat, lamb, and pork 各种红肉;羊肉、猪肉等
- Organ meats, such as liver, kidneys, and glandular meats like the thymus or pancreas 动物内脏
- Seafood, especially shellfish like shrimp, lobster, mussels, anchovies, and sardines 海鲜,尤其贝壳类
- High-fructose products like soda and some juices, cereal, ice cream, candy, and fast food 高果糖食品
*需要简单说明一下所谓的红肉(red meat)和白肉(white meat):
这是两个营养学术语,简单地说,所有在烹饪前呈红色的肉都属于红肉,如牛肉、羊肉、猪肉、鹿肉等。绝大多数四条腿动物的肉都是红肉。
狭义的“白肉”仅指家禽的肉(如鸡胸肉),广义的“白肉”指一切非哺乳动物的肉,可以简单理解为两条腿的动物的肉。
Best Foods for a Gout Diet
You’ll want to go for low-purine options like:
- Low-fat and nondairy fat products, such as yogurt and skim milk 低脂奶制品,如酸奶、脱脂牛奶
- Fresh fruits and vegetables 新鲜蔬果
- Nuts, peanut butter, and grains 坚果、花生酱、谷物
- Potatoes, rice, bread, and pasta 土豆、大米、面包、意面
- Eggs (in moderation) 鸡蛋(适量)
- Meats like fish, chicken 鱼肉、鸡肉
- Vegetables 蔬菜
*以上节选自webmd.com
What Foods Should You Eat?
- Fruits: All fruits are generally fine for gout. Cherries may even help prevent attacks by lowering uric acid levels and reducing inflammation 水果、尤其樱桃可有效降低尿酸
- Vegetables: All vegetables are fine, including potatoes, peas, mushrooms, eggplants and dark green leafy vegetables. 各种蔬菜,尤其土豆、豌豆、蘑菇、茄子和绿叶蔬菜
- Nuts: All nuts and seeds. 各种坚果和植物种子
- Whole grains: These include oats, brown rice and barley. 全麦食物,包括燕麦、糙米、大麦
- Dairy products: All dairy is safe, but low-fat dairy appears to be especially beneficial . 奶制品(低脂或脱脂牛奶)
- Eggs 蛋类
- Beverages: Coffee, tea and green tea. 咖啡、绿茶
- Plant-based oils: Including canola, coconut, olive and flax oils. 植物油
*以上节选自 healthline.com
先整理这些,仅供读者中的痛风病友参考,与痛友共勉。也希望健康的读者注意预防痛风。
对付痛风最最简单的武器是—— Stay hydrated. 大量喝水。
如果你也是痛风患者,推荐你一个我昨天刚发现的公众号(不是广告):“岭南风友会”,可以随时查食物的嘌呤值。
痛风是真痛苦,谁痛谁知道。但这病跟风有啥关系啊?为什么叫痛风?谁知道?
参考阅读
- CDC – Gout | Arthritis
- Healthline – Everything You Need to Know About Gout
- Medicinenet – Gout